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Point of care diagnostics for tuberculosis.

A L García-Basteiro1, A DiNardo2, B Saavedra3

  • 1Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique; Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development (AIGHD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Rossello 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

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Summary

New diagnostic tools are crucial for the End TB strategy

Keywords:
DiagnosisLAMNAATsPoint-of-careTarget product profileTuberculosisXpert

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Area of Science:

  • Global health
  • Infectious diseases
  • Medical diagnostics

Background:

  • The End TB strategy aims for a 90% reduction in tuberculosis (TB) incidence and a 95% mortality reduction by 2035.
  • Achieving these goals necessitates novel diagnostic tools for timely TB detection.
  • Current diagnostic limitations hinder effective implementation at the point of care (POC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the urgent need for improved point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB).
  • To discuss recent advancements and existing limitations in TB diagnostic tools.
  • To emphasize the necessity for further research and development in POC diagnostics to find missed TB cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current tuberculosis diagnostic technologies and their limitations.
  • Analysis of the diagnostic test development pipeline for point-of-care applications.
  • Discussion of strategies for implementing existing tools and developing new ones.

Main Results:

  • Recent advancements include WHO-endorsed tests like Xpert MTB/RIF, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra, TB-LAMP, and lateral flow LAM.
  • Existing POC diagnostic tests have limitations that require further improvement for optimal use.
  • Significant gaps exist in the current pipeline for developing new POC TB diagnostic tests.

Conclusions:

  • New tools are essential to meet the End TB strategy's ambitious goals.
  • Improved implementation of current diagnostics and development of novel POC tests are critical.
  • Addressing the "missed TB cases" requires continued research and innovation in diagnostics.