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Brief Report: Self-Injurious Behaviors in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Compared to Other

G N Soke1,2, S A Rosenberg3, C R Rosenberg3,4

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. yxo2@cdc.gov.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|February 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show higher self-injurious behavior (SIB) prevalence than those with other developmental delays (DD). SIB also increases with ASD symptoms in children with DD.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a significant concern in children with developmental disorders.
  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently associated with behavioral challenges, including SIB.
  • Understanding the prevalence of SIB in ASD compared to other developmental delays (DD) is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence of SIB in preschoolers with ASD versus those with other DD.
  • To investigate the association between ASD symptoms and SIB prevalence within the DD group.
  • To identify factors influencing SIB in young children with neurodevelopmental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving preschoolers aged 30-68 months.
  • Included children with ASD (n=691) and other DD (n=977).
  • Statistical analyses accounted for sociodemographic, cognitive, and medical confounders.

Main Results:

  • SIB prevalence was significantly higher in children with ASD compared to the overall DD group (aOR 2.13).
  • In subgroup analyses, SIB was more prevalent in ASD versus DD without ASD symptoms (aOR 4.42).
  • SIB prevalence was similar between ASD and DD with ASD symptoms (aOR 1.09), and increased with ASD symptom severity in the DD group.

Conclusions:

  • The higher prevalence of SIB in ASD is confirmed, independent of confounding factors.
  • The presence and severity of ASD symptoms are associated with SIB in children with developmental delays.
  • Findings inform clinical practice, research directions, and policy for supporting children with ASD and DD.

Keywords:
AutismAutism spectrum disorderDevelopmental delays and disordersPrevalenceSelf-injurious behaviors

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