Perineal tears - A review

The female perineum is the diamond-shaped inferior outlet of the pelvis. This structure is at risk of trauma during labour because of spontaneous perineal tears of varying degrees or iatrogenic episiotomies. These injuries can result in disabling immediate and long-term complications in the woman.

The aim of this article is to provide general practitioners (GPs) with a good understanding of perineal tears by discussing the different classifications, immediate and long-term management, and recommendations for future deliveries.

Although the majority of perineal tears are managed by obstetricians and gynaecologists, it is important for GPs to understand their management in the event that a patient presents to general practice with concerns during the antenatal or postpartum period.