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Published on: November 30, 2018
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Parapoxviral vulvovaginitis in Holstein cows
Robert B Moeller1,2,3, Beate Crossley1,2,3, John M Adaska1,2,3
1California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, Tulare Laboratory (Moeller, Adaska, Blanchard), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA.
Summary
Parapoxvirus caused pustules and ulcers in the vulva and vagina of Holstein heifers postpartum. Diagnosis was confirmed via histopathology and PCR, ruling out other common bovine viruses.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Bovine Pathology
Background:
- Postpartum vulvar and vaginal lesions in cattle can have various causes.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment and herd management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the causative agent of ulcerative vulvovaginitis in postpartum Holstein heifers.
- To differentiate parapoxvirus from other potential viral etiologies.
Main Methods:
- Clinical examination of affected heifers.
- Collection of vaginal biopsies and swabs for diagnostic testing.
- Histopathological examination and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for viral identification.
- Testing for bovine herpesviruses, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine papular stomatitis virus, and orf virus.
Main Results:
- Six out of nine heifers tested positive for parapoxvirus.
- Histology revealed characteristic eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions in epithelial cells.
- PCR and histopathology confirmed parapoxvirus in affected tissues.
- Tests for other common bovine viruses were negative.
Conclusions:
- Parapoxvirus is identified as the causative agent of ulcerative vulvovaginitis in this group of Holstein heifers.
- The findings highlight the importance of considering parapoxvirus in the differential diagnosis of bovine genital lesions.
- Further research may be warranted to understand the epidemiology and transmission of this specific parapoxvirus strain.
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