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A comparison of three methods to assess body composition
Nilanjana Tewari1, Sherif Awad2, Ian A Macdonald3
1Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|February 13, 2018
Summary
Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) show good correlation for body composition measurements. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) may underestimate fat-free mass but is useful clinically.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Body Composition Analysis
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Accurate body composition measurement is crucial for assessing patient health and treatment response.
- Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography (CT), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) are common methods for body composition assessment.
- Comparing the accuracy of these methods is essential for clinical application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the accuracy of body composition measurements obtained via DXA, CT, and BIA.
- To evaluate the correlation and agreement between these three modalities in a clinical setting.
- To determine the clinical utility of BIA in body composition analysis.
Main Methods:
- 47 patients from clinical trials investigating metabolic changes were included.
- Body composition was measured using DXA, CT scans (L3 vertebral level), and BIA.
- Measurements were taken at various time points relative to major abdominal surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Main Results:
- Good correlation was observed between DXA and CT for both fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM).
- FFM measurements showed good correlation between DXA and BIA, and significant correlation between CT and BIA.
- Bland-Altman analysis revealed biases and wide limits of agreement for all pairwise comparisons, particularly between CT and BIA for FFM.
Conclusions:
- DXA and CT demonstrate strong agreement for body composition assessment.
- BIA may systematically underestimate FFM, but its ease of use makes it a potentially valuable tool in clinical practice.
- Further validation of BIA against more accurate methods like DXA and CT is warranted for specific patient populations.
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