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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

The ITS2 Database
Published on: March 12, 2012
Updated database on natural radioactivity in building materials in Europe
R Trevisi1, F Leonardi1, S Risica2
1INAIL (National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work) Research Sector, DiMEILA, Via di Fontana Candida 1, I-00078 Monteporzio Catone (Rome), Italy.
Abstract:
The paper presents the latest collection of activity concentration data of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 4 K) in building materials. This database contains about 24200 samples of both bulk materials and their constituents (bricks, concrete, cement, aggregates) and superficial materials used in most European Union Member States and some European countries. This collection also includes radiological information about some NORM residues and by-products (by-product gypsum, metallurgical slags, fly and bottom ashes and red mud) which can be of radiological concern if recycled in building materials as secondary raw materials. Moreover, radon emanation and radon exhalation rate data are reported for bricks and concrete.
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