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Explaining Coronal Reduction: Prosodic Structure and Articulatory Posture.

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Consonant reduction may stem from online processes, not just phonological planning. This study reveals how durational variability and consistent targets explain coronal stop variations in English and Spanish.

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Area of Science:

  • Phonetics and Phonology
  • Speech Production
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Consonant reduction is traditionally viewed as substituting one allophone for another during phonological planning.
  • Existing theories often link reduction to effort-based mechanisms like increased gestural stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an alternative model of consonant reduction as an online process driven by prosody and duration.
  • To explain coronal stop (/t/, /d/, /n/) reduction patterns in American English and Spanish using this new framework.
  • To investigate the role of articulatory variability and invariant targets in consonant reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of coronal stop production in American English and Spanish.
  • Examination of durational variability and articulatory postures.
  • Comparison of proposed online process with effort-driven theories.

Main Results:

  • Consonant reduction can be explained by prosodically conditioned durational variability and invariant production targets, not phonological substitution.
  • Reduction is not dependent on changes in gestural stiffness.
  • Articulatory differences naturally lead to reduction to coronal approximants and flaps, explained by dynamic interaction of undershoot and variable targets.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed online process framework accounts for diverse coronal stop reduction patterns across languages.
  • This model offers a unified explanation for different reduction outcomes as a single dynamic process.
  • Findings challenge traditional views and highlight the role of prosody and articulatory variability.