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Related Concept Videos

The Arch of Aorta01:10

The Arch of Aorta

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The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Behavior Modification01:21

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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
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Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Modification in aortic arch replacement surgery.

Feng Gao1,2, Yongjie Ye3, Yongheng Zhang3

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Haikou Hospital of Middle South University, Haikou Municipal Hospital, Haikou Vascular Disease Research Institute, The No. 43 People Road, Haikou City, 570208, China. sinoratt@126.com.

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
|February 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This modified branch-first approach for acute aortic dissection avoids circulation arrest and reduces extracorporeal time. The two-stage procedure, involving graft replacement followed by stent graft deployment, improves outcomes for aortic arch surgery.

Keywords:
Aortic arch replacementAortic dissection type ADebranch procedureHybrid procedure

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Conventional aortic arch replacement often requires circulatory arrest and extended extracorporeal circulation, posing risks, especially in acute aortic dissection.
  • A modified branch-first approach is presented, performing supra-aortic vessel anastomosis before cardiopulmonary bypass to mitigate these risks.

Discussion:

  • The modified procedure, involving graft replacement as a landing zone for subsequent endovascular stent-graft deployment, was applied to 41 patients (36 with aortic dissection, 5 with arch aneurysm).
  • Systemic perfusion was maintained antegrade and retrograde during cardioplegic arrest, with continuous brain perfusion via the graft.

Key Insights:

  • Arch replacement surgery was completed in approximately 4 hours, with minimal anastomoses required in the initial stage.
  • No surgical deaths occurred, and importantly, no stent grafts were deployed into the false lumen, a common issue with traditional antegrade deployment.

Outlook:

  • The two-stage approach (graft replacement then stent graft deployment) is recommended for acute aortic dissection, especially in hypotensive patients.
  • For arch aneurysms without dissection concerns, a one-stage procedure is feasible. Management of malperfusion syndrome post-graft replacement may necessitate a one-stage stent graft deployment.