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Related Concept Videos

Phagocytosis00:41

Phagocytosis

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
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Phagocytosis00:41

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
The objective of phagocytosis is often destruction. Cells use phagocytosis to eliminate unwelcome visitors, like pathogens (e.g., viruses and bacteria). Many immune system cells,...
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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Alveolar Macrophage Phagocytosis and Bacteria Clearance in Mice
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Macrophage phagocytosis cracking the defect code in COPD.

Jamil Jubrail1, Nisha Kurian2, Florence Niedergang1

  • 1INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Biomedical Journal
|February 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lung macrophages are crucial for clearing debris via phagocytosis. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), this essential function is impaired, potentially worsening the disease and microbiome imbalance.

Keywords:
Bacterial clearanceCOPDInflammationMacrophagesPhagocytosisSuperinfections

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Lung macrophages maintain homeostasis through phagocytosis, clearing inhaled particles, pathogens, and apoptotic cells.
  • Phagocytosis is vital for innate immunity, involving material degradation, gene expression, antigen presentation, and cytokine production.
  • Perturbations in phagocytosis are detrimental to lung health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of lung macrophages and phagocytosis in maintaining lung health.
  • To describe the defects in phagocytic capacity of macrophages in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • To explore strategies for restoring macrophage phagocytosis in COPD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of lung macrophage function and phagocytosis.
  • Analysis of phagocytic defects in macrophages from patients with COPD.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage phagocytosis.

Main Results:

  • Macrophages in healthy lungs efficiently perform phagocytosis, regulating innate immunity.
  • In COPD, macrophages exhibit reduced capacity to phagocytose bacteria and apoptotic cells, despite increased numbers.
  • This phagocytic dysfunction may contribute to lung dysbiosis and disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired macrophage phagocytosis is a key feature of COPD pathophysiology.
  • Restoring phagocytic function in lung macrophages presents a potential therapeutic avenue for COPD.
  • Further research into macrophage-targeted therapies is warranted for COPD treatment.