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Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Colitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Dushyant Pawar1, Anna Calara1, Roy Jacob2

  • 1School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine
|February 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Hydrogen peroxide enemas, rarely used for pediatric constipation, can cause severe colitis. This case highlights the dangers of home remedies, emphasizing the need for public education on safe constipation treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Constipation is a prevalent condition in children.
  • Hydrogen peroxide enemas are an infrequently reported home remedy for pediatric constipation.
  • This study investigates complications arising from such enemas.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric siblings presented with vomiting and bloody diarrhea shortly after receiving hydrogen peroxide enemas.
  • Clinical examinations and laboratory tests were largely unremarkable.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed significant mucosal thickening in the rectum and colon.

Findings:

  • The siblings' symptoms resolved with conservative management, including intravenous fluid replacement and bowel rest.
  • Literature review indicates that hydrogen peroxide enemas can lead to colitis, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea.
  • Documented complications range from bowel ulceration to necrosis and perforation, though fatalities are rare.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential severe gastrointestinal toxicity of hydrogen peroxide enemas in children.
  • Diagnostic modalities like CT scans are crucial for identifying enema-induced colitis.
  • There is a critical need for public health awareness campaigns to educate against the use of hazardous home remedies for constipation.

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