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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
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Inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells and bone regeneration.

Hongrui Liu1, Dongfang Li1, Yi Zhang1

  • 1Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Wenhua West Road 44-1, Jinan, 250012, China.

Histochemistry and Cell Biology
|February 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and inflammatory cells interact to promote bone regeneration. Understanding these interactions is key for treating bone loss and immunological diseases.

Keywords:
Bone regenerationImmune cellsImmunomodulationInflammatory cytokinesMesenchymal stem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Immunology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bone regeneration is crucial for orthopedic and dental conditions.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and inflammatory responses are vital for bone repair and remodeling.
  • Bidirectional interactions between MSCs and inflammatory cells/cytokines influence bone healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interactions between inflammatory stimuli, MSCs, and bone regeneration.
  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms governing these interactions.
  • To explore therapeutic opportunities for bone regeneration and treatment of bone loss in immunological diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on MSCs, inflammation, and bone regeneration.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in MSC-inflammation crosstalk.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on the role of immune responses in bone repair.

Main Results:

  • Inflammatory cells recruit and direct MSCs, promoting bone repair.
  • Cytokines modulate MSC properties and bone regeneration.
  • MSCs exhibit immunosuppressive functions, impacting monocyte differentiation and cytokine secretion.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between inflammation and MSCs is critical for effective bone regeneration.
  • Targeting these interactions offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further understanding can advance treatments for bone defects and immune-related bone loss.