Exotic superconducting states in the extended attractive Hubbard model

Area of Science:

• Condensed matter physics
• Theoretical physics

Background:

• The extended attractive Hubbard model is a theoretical framework used to study electron interactions in materials.
• Understanding complex superconducting phases is crucial for developing new electronic technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the superconducting phases predicted by the extended attractive Hubbard model on a square lattice.
• To explore exotic mixed-symmetry and novel superconducting states.

Main Methods:

• Hartree-Fock Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer framework for calculations.
• Minimization scheme to obtain ground states of the mean-field Hamiltonian.
• Relaxation of symmetry constraints to allow for mixed-symmetry superconducting solutions.

Main Results:

• Identification of various superconducting phases, including exotic mixed-symmetry phases ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] symmetries).
• Discovery of a novel [Formula: see text] superconducting state.
• Demonstration of s-, p-, and d-wave order parameter mixing in superconducting solutions.

Conclusions:

• The extended attractive Hubbard model is a valuable tool for studying exotic superconductors.
• The model predicts a rich variety of superconducting phases beyond conventional types.