Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026
08:15
Understanding the Changes in Mitochondrial Morphology through Dynamic and Three-dimensional Fluorescence Micrographs
Published on: August 15, 2025
1.1K
Mitochondrial Dynamics in Basal and Stressful Conditions
Naima Zemirli1,2, Etienne Morel3,4, Diana Molino5,6
1Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris F-75014, France. naima.zemirli@inserm.fr.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 14, 2018
Summary
Mitochondria, crucial for energy production, dynamically change shape through fusion and fission. This review explores how mitochondrial dynamics impact cellular functions and disease.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Mitochondrial Biology
- Organelle Dynamics
Background:
- Mitochondria generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from macromolecule oxidation, sustaining cellular energy.
- Beyond bioenergetics, mitochondria regulate lipid metabolism, calcium homeostasis, autophagy, and immune responses.
- Mitochondria are dynamic organelles undergoing constant movement, tethering, fusion, and fission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the correlation between mitochondrial morphodynamics and biological functions.
- To examine these dynamics in physiological and stress conditions, including nutrient deprivation and pathogen attack.
- To explore the interplay between mitochondrial fusion/fission and autophagy.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of mitochondrial dynamics and function.
- Analysis of mitochondrial morphodynamics in various cellular contexts.
- Investigation of stress-induced changes in mitochondrial structure and function.
Main Results:
- Mitochondrial dynamics (fusion/fission) are tightly linked to cellular functions.
- Altered mitochondrial morphodynamics are observed in stress conditions and diseases.
- Crosstalk exists between mitochondrial fusion/fission machinery and autophagy.
Conclusions:
- Mitochondrial dynamics are integral to cellular health and homeostasis.
- Understanding these dynamics offers insights into disease mechanisms.
- Further research into mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy crosstalk is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Stress: General Loading Conditions
603
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
603
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.3K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.3K
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
17.1K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
17.1K
00:55Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina
3.4K
Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
3.4K
02:19Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
4.2K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
4.2K
01:03Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM
3.9K
The basal lamina is a thin extracellular layer that lies underneath the cells and separates them from other tissues. The three layers of the basal lamina are lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis. The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. The framework of basal lamina has other essential proteins such as laminins mesh, perlecan, entactin, and type IV collagen.
Proteins...
Proteins...
3.9K