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Prenatal exposure to preeclampsia is associated with accelerated height gain in early childhood

Johanna Gunnarsdottir1, Sven Cnattingius2, Maria Lundgren1

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Plos One
|February 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children exposed to preeclampsia experienced accelerated height gain by age five. This growth difference was independent of small-for-gestational-age status but linked to shorter gestational age at birth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Obstetrics
  • Growth and Development

Background:

  • Preeclampsia is linked to low birth weight, increasing risks of preterm and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births.
  • Low birth weight is associated with accelerated childhood height gain and later-life cardiovascular disease.
  • The study investigates the impact of prenatal preeclampsia exposure on childhood height gain, considering SGA status and gestational age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if prenatal exposure to preeclampsia is associated with accelerated childhood height gain.
  • To adjust for confounding factors including maternal characteristics, infant feeding, and childhood obesity.
  • To assess the influence of SGA status and gestational age on this association.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study comparing children exposed to preeclampsia (n=865) with unexposed children (n=22,898).
  • Height gain was estimated between birth and five years of age.
  • Linear regression models were used for statistical analysis and adjustments.

Main Results:

  • Children exposed to preeclampsia were born shorter but exhibited accelerated height gain (2 cm more) by age five.
  • After adjustments for maternal and infant factors, the height gain difference was 1.6 cm.
  • Adjustment for SGA status had minimal impact, while adjustment for gestational age reduced the difference to 0.5 cm.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal exposure to preeclampsia is associated with accelerated height gain in early childhood.
  • This association appears independent of small-for-gestational-age status.
  • The accelerated growth is partly related to shorter gestational age at birth.
Abstract

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