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A Novel Method for the Culture and Polarized Stimulation of Human Intestinal Mucosa Explants
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A Novel Method for the Culture and Polarized Stimulation of Human Intestinal Mucosa Explants

Published on: May 1, 2013

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Mammarenaviral Infection Is Dependent on Directional Exposure to and Release from Polarized Intestinal Epithelia

Nikole L Warner1,2, Jenny D Jokinen3,4, Juliane I Beier5,6

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, 505 South Hancock Street Rm 622, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. nikole.warner@louisville.edu.

Viruses
|February 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Mammarenaviruses infect intestinal cells. Different viral strains show varied replication and release patterns, influenced by host-tissue interactions and viral genetics, impacting disease spread.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Mammarenaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses with segmented genomes.
  • Ingestion is a natural transmission route for Lassa virus (LASV) and Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV).
  • Intestinal epithelial cells are initial host targets, but their role in arenavirus infection is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intestinal epithelia in arenavirus infection using a Caco-2 cell model.
  • To characterize viral release patterns and replication kinetics of different mammarenaviruses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Caco-2 cell culture model for intragastric infection studies.
  • Compared viral progeny release patterns of LCMV strains (Armstrong, WE), Mopeia virus (MOPV), and a reassortant virus (ML-29).
  • Assessed viral attachment efficacy to polarized Caco-2 cells.

Main Results:

  • LCMV-Armstrong, LCMV-WE, and MOPV exhibited similar infectious progeny release patterns.
  • The reassortant ML-29 (MOPV L segment, LASV S segment) showed a distinct viral release pattern compared to LCMV and MOPV.
  • Viral attachment efficacy to Caco-2 cells correlated with observed replication kinetics.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal epithelial cells play a significant role in mammarenavirus infection.
  • Viral dissemination and interaction with intestinal epithelia are specific to the host, tissue, and virus.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for controlling arenavirus transmission.
Keywords:
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV)ML-29Mopeia Virus (MOPV)arenavirusesintestinal epitheliamammarenavirusespolarization

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