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A Protocol for Conducting Rainfall Simulation to Study Soil Runoff

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Published on: April 3, 2014

Changing character of rainfall in eastern China, 1951-2007.

Jesse A Day¹, Inez Fung¹, Weihan Liu²

¹Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; jessed@berkeley.edu ifung@berkeley.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|February 15, 2018

Summary

East Asian summer monsoon rainfall is primarily driven by frontal rain events. Changes in these events explain regional drought and flood patterns and may reflect global warming impacts.

Keywords:

East Asian monsoon Meiyu front monsoons new methods rainfall

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Area of Science:

Atmospheric Science
Climatology
Meteorology

Background:

East Asia's topography facilitates persistent storm tracks, creating frontal rain events.
The East Asian summer monsoon (Meiyu Season) is characterized by intensifying and northward-shifting frontal rainfall.

Purpose of the Study:

To create a daily catalog of frontal rain events in East China (1951-2007).
To quantify frontal rain event attributes and classify rainfall types.
To analyze decadal changes in rainfall and their attribution to frontal events.

Main Methods:

Utilized the Frontal Rain Event Detection Algorithm.
Compiled a daily catalog of frontal rain events from 1951 to 2007.
Classified rainfall as frontal (large-scale convergence) or nonfrontal (local buoyancy, topography, typhoons).

Main Results:

The East Asian summer monsoon comprises coupled changes in frontal rain event frequency, latitude, and daily accumulation.
Decadal rainfall variations in East China are predominantly linked to changes in frontal rainfall.
The "South Flood-North Drought" pattern since the 1980s is attributed to altered frontal rain event frequency.

Conclusions:

Frontal rain events are the primary driver of East Asian summer monsoon rainfall variability.
Observed rainfall patterns suggest potential impacts of global warming, aerosol loading, and natural variability.
Shifts in the East Asian jet stream may influence regional rainfall dynamics.