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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Surface Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Nanoparticle behavior in nanofluidic confinement is sensitive to wall proximity.
  • Measuring nanoparticle dynamics across varied gap distances is experimentally difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a versatile setup for precisely controlling and measuring nanoparticle behavior as a function of nanometer-controlled gap distance.
  • To investigate the vertical position and lateral diffusion of nanoparticles under varying confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel open system setup for nanofluidic confinement studies.
  • Utilized interferometric scattering detection for high-accuracy nanoparticle tracking (≈10 nm).
  • Measured 60 nm charged gold nanospheres between glass and polymer surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Observed particles consistently higher than the gap center, indicating higher charge on the polymer substrate.
  • Demonstrated a monotonic decay in diffusion constant with decreasing gap distance.
  • Detected subdiffusion onset below 120 nm gap distance, linked to particle motion along specific paths.

Conclusions:

  • The observed diffusion behavior is attributed to an electroviscous effect, not solely hydrodynamics.
  • The developed setup enables detailed studies of nanoparticle-wall interactions in confined geometries.
  • Strong confinement leads to complex diffusion regimes, including subdiffusion.