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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
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Pediatric Intracranial Hypertension: a Current Literature Review

Shawn C Aylward1, Amanda L Way2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA. Shawn.Aylward@nationwidechildrens.org.

Current Pain and Headache Reports
|February 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric intracranial hypertension affects children, with incidence rates around 0.7 per 100,000. Adult trial data suggests acetazolamide is a viable first-line treatment for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Pediatric intracranial hypertension (PIH) is a serious condition impacting children's quality of life.
  • Untreated PIH can lead to significant morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of pediatric intracranial hypertension.
  • To summarize current understanding and treatment approaches for PIH.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of findings from adult studies and their translation to pediatric care.

Main Results:

  • Estimated pediatric incidence of PIH is 0.63-0.71 per 100,000 in the USA and Britain.
  • Adult trials show acetazolamide improves visual fields, optical coherence tomography, Frisen grade, and quality of life.
  • These adult findings are being applied to the pediatric population.

Conclusions:

  • Acetazolamide is considered an acceptable first-line medication for PIH, based on adult data.
  • Further pediatric-specific treatment studies are needed.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
HeadacheIntracranial hypertensionPapilledemaPediatricPseudotumor cerebri

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