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Flow induced crystallisation of penetrable particles.

Alberto Scacchi1, Joseph M Brader1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.

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|February 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

We found that shear flow can induce crystalline ordering in Brownian particle systems near the liquid-gas phase boundary. This occurs due to shear-induced particle migration concentrating particles in low-shear regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Brownian particles interacting via soft exponential potentials exhibit complex phase behavior.
  • Understanding the interplay between flow and phase transitions is crucial for soft matter systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the induction of non-equilibrium crystalline ordering in a system of Brownian particles subjected to spatially varying shear flow.
  • To elucidate the underlying physical mechanism of shear-induced ordering near the crystallization phase boundary.

Main Methods:

  • Classical dynamical density functional theory (CDDFT) was employed to model the system.
  • Simulations focused on thermodynamic state points within the liquid phase, close to the crystallization boundary.

Main Results:

  • Imposing a Poiseuille flow induced non-equilibrium crystalline ordering in regions of low shear gradient.
  • Shear-induced particle migration was identified as the key mechanism, driving particles towards the channel center.
  • Increased local density in the channel center facilitated the observed crystalline ordering.

Conclusions:

  • Spatially varying shear flow can overcome thermal fluctuations to induce crystalline structures in systems near equilibrium phase transitions.
  • Shear-induced particle migration is a significant factor in controlling microstructure and phase behavior in flowing soft matter systems.