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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

In Situ Monitoring of the Accelerated Performance Degradation of Solar Cells and Modules: A Case Study for CuIn,GaSe2 Solar Cells
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Effect of Selenization Processes on CIGS Solar Cell Performance.

C H Wu1, P W Wu1, J H Chen2

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|February 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) solar cells using a multi-stage selenization process. A maximum efficiency of 12.45% was achieved by controlling precursor stoichiometry and improving film crystallinity.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Thin-Film Technology

Background:

  • Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) is a promising material for thin-film solar cells.
  • Optimizing CIGS film stoichiometry and crystallinity is crucial for device efficiency.
  • Previous fabrication methods often resulted in non-ideal CIGS compositions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of multi-stage selenization on CIGS film properties.
  • To optimize the fabrication process for improved CIGS solar cell performance.
  • To achieve higher power conversion efficiencies in CIGS-based devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of CIGS films using a two-step sputtering process with Cu0.7Ga0.3 and In targets.
  • Adjustment of CuGa precursor film thickness (150-300 nm).
  • Implementation of a three-stage selenization process with controlled annealing times.

Main Results:

  • Optimized stoichiometry (Cu/(In+Ga) = 0.94, Ga/(In+Ga) = 0.34) achieved with multi-stage selenization.
  • Enhanced crystallinity observed, indicated by stronger (112) XRD diffraction peaks.
  • Raman spectra showed characteristic CIGS peaks, and TEM confirmed randomly oriented grains.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-stage selenization is effective in controlling CIGS stoichiometry and improving crystallinity.
  • Optimized CIGS absorbers lead to enhanced solar cell performance.
  • A maximum CIGS solar cell efficiency of 12.45% was demonstrated.