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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional flame retardants pose environmental and property concerns.
  • Polyurethane sponge (PUS) requires enhanced flame retardancy for broader applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an environmentally friendly flame-retardant coating for PUS.
  • To investigate the efficacy of graphene oxide (GO) nanocoating using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of graphene oxide (GO) nanocoating onto polyurethane sponge (PUS).
  • Characterization of GO distribution on PUS surfaces.
  • Flame retardancy evaluation using cone calorimetry and direct flame exposure tests.

Main Results:

  • GO was uniformly distributed, forming PUS@GO composites.
  • Melt dripping was completely eliminated upon direct flame exposure.
  • Significant reductions in peak heat release rate (PHRR) by 53.3%, total heat release (THR) by 35.9%, smoke production rate (SPR) by 61.8%, total smoke production (TSP) by 81.9%, and peak CO production by 65.8% were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene oxide (GO) nanocoating effectively enhances the flame retardancy of polyurethane sponge (PUS).
  • The LbL assembly method provides a viable route for creating PUS@GO composites with improved fire safety.
  • GO nanosheets are promising eco-friendly flame-retardant additives for polymeric materials.