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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex

Published on: July 4, 2018

Danger Signals in the ICU.

Edward J Schenck¹, Kevin C Ma², Santosh B Murthy³

¹Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.

Critical Care Medicine

|February 15, 2018

Summary

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are key mediators of the innate immune response in critical illnesses like trauma and infection. Understanding DAMPs is crucial for developing future diagnostics and therapeutics for critical care.

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Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex

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Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy

Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy

Published on: September 29, 2016

Area of Science:

Critical care medicine
Immunology
Molecular biology

Background:

Critical illnesses, including sterile and infectious conditions, often trigger vasoplegic shock and a systemic inflammatory response.
The innate immune system plays a central role in responding to both infectious and traumatic insults.
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released by stressed or dying cells and initiate the innate immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce the concept of DAMPs and their role in activating systemic inflammation.
To explore the involvement of DAMPs in trauma, neurologic injury, and infection.
To discuss the potential of DAMPs in perpetuating multisystem organ failure.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature search of PubMed was conducted up to August 2017.
Included articles encompassed original research, reviews, and conference proceedings.
Analysis focused on high-quality preclinical and clinical studies.

Main Results:

DAMPs activate pattern recognition receptors, initiating inflammatory pathways and leukocyte recruitment.
DAMPs are implicated in various critical care conditions, with preclinical models showing their role in distant organ dysfunction.
The activation and release of DAMPs are integral to the innate immune response to insults.

Conclusions:

Further research into DAMP activation and function is essential for intensive care practitioners.
Understanding DAMPs can enhance our knowledge of the innate immune response phases and states.
Targeting DAMPs may offer future diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities in critical care.