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Completed Suicide Among Methamphetamine Users: A National Study.

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Methamphetamine-related suicides accounted for 18.2% of all such deaths in Australia (2009-2015). This study highlights the significant public health issue posed by methamphetamine use and suicide, particularly among males.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Public Health
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Methamphetamine use is a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding methamphetamine-related mortality is crucial for intervention.
  • Suicide is a leading cause of death globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the crude mortality rates of methamphetamine-related suicides in Australia.
  • To characterize the demographics, circumstances, and toxicology of these deaths.
  • To identify risk factors and patterns associated with methamphetamine-related suicide.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of Australian methamphetamine-related suicide cases (2009-2015).
  • Data sourced from the National Coronial Information System.
  • Examination of crude mortality rates, case characteristics, and blood toxicology.

Main Results:

  • 300 cases represented 18.2% of methamphetamine-related deaths and 1.6% of all suicides.
  • The mean age was 33.1 years, with 77.0% males; males had a higher mortality rate.
  • Previous suicide attempts (25%) and psychosis history (12.3%) were noted; agitation preceded 40.7% of deaths. Hanging was the most common method (70.3%).
  • Prescription medications were common; antidepressants and opioids were more frequent in self-poisoning cases.

Conclusions:

  • Methamphetamine-related suicide is a substantial clinical and public health problem in Australia.
  • Males are disproportionately affected, and violent methods, particularly hanging, are prevalent.
  • The presence of other substances warrants further investigation into co-occurring substance use and mental health issues.