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Assessing the blocking of occasion setting.

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Occasion setters (OS) in learning exhibit blocking, where a new OS’s control is reduced by a previously trained OS. This study found that while blocking occurred, retrospective revaluation effects were absent in occasion setting paradigms.

Keywords:
BlockingOccasion settingPavlovian conditioningRetrospective revaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Learning and memory
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Occasion setters (OS) disambiguate conditioned stimuli (CS) and share features with Pavlovian CSs.
  • OSs are known to be subject to blocking, where a novel OS shows reduced control after compound training with an established OS.
  • Previous research indicates that blocked CSs can regain responding after extinction of the blocking CS (retrospective revaluation).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend analogies between OS and Pavlovian conditioning.
  • To investigate the blocking of OSs.
  • To examine retrospective revaluation in the context of OS blocking.

Main Methods:

  • Established a positive OS by pairing a CS with food in the OS's presence.
  • Trained blocking by presenting the established OS in compound with a novel OS.
  • Conducted three experiments to test blocking and retrospective revaluation of OSs.

Main Results:

  • Blocking of the novel OS was observed in Experiment 1, but direct exposure did not enhance responding.
  • Blocking was replicated in Experiment 2, yet subsequent reversed contingency training of the blocking OS yielded no retrospective revaluation.
  • Experiment 3 showed OS blocking with a novel CS, but only when tested with the original CS.

Conclusions:

  • Occasion setting demonstrates blocking, analogous to Pavlovian conditioning.
  • Retrospective revaluation, a common phenomenon in Pavlovian blocking, was not observed in this OS blocking paradigm.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay and underlying links in occasion setting mechanisms.