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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Separation and Fractionation of Culture Filtrate Proteins (CFPs) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Published on: July 11, 2025
HIV-Associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bloodstream Infection Is Underdiagnosed by Single Blood Culture
David A Barr1,2, Andrew D Kerkhoff3, Charlotte Schutz2
1Wellcome Liverpool Glasgow Centre for Global Health Research, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom david.barr@liverpool.ac.uk.
Abstract:
We assessed the additional diagnostic yield for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bloodstream infection (BSI) by doing more than one tuberculosis (TB) blood culture from HIV-infected inpatients. In a retrospective analysis of two cohorts based in Cape Town, South Africa, 72/99 (73%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI were identified by the first of two blood cultures during the same admission, with 27/99 (27%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18 to 36%) testing negative on the first culture but positive on the second. In a prospective evaluation of up to 6 blood cultures over 24 h, 9 of 14 (65%) patients with M. tuberculosis BSI had M. tuberculosis grow on their first blood culture; 3 more patients (21%) were identified by a second independent blood culture at the same time point, and the remaining 2 were diagnosed only on the 4th and 6th blood cultures. Additional blood cultures increase the yield for M. tuberculosis BSI, similar to what is reported for nonmycobacterial BSI.
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