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Updated: Feb 14, 2026
In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease
Published on: May 27, 2022
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular Disease: a Meta-Analysis of Recent Cardiac Outcome Trials
Xiaoming Jia1, Mahboob Alam2, Yumei Ye3
1The Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. Xiaoming.jia@bcm.edu.
Purpose:
The aim of this study is to examine the cardioprotective properties of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, a class of antihyperglycemic therapy, via meta-analysis of four recently published cardiovascular outcomes trials.
Methods:
Meta-analysis was performed pooling data from the ELIXA, LEADER, SUSTAIN-6 and EXSCEL trials. A random effects model was used to generate risk ratio with 95% confidence interval for cardiovascular and safety outcomes.
Results:
A total of 33,457 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the study, GLP-1R agonists significantly reduced all-cause mortality (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.96) and cardiovascular mortality (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.97) when compared to placebo. When long-acting agents were analyzed alone, reduction in major adverse cardiac events (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.81 to 0.97) and non-fatal strokes (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.76 to 0.99) also showed significance.
Conclusion:
Overall, GLP-1R agonists appear to have cardioprotective properties likely via modification of metabolic parameters such as glycemic control, weight loss, and improvement in blood pressure. Additional studies are warranted to compare cardiovascular outcomes among the different agents.
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