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    Area of Science:

    • Dental implantology
    • Oral and maxillofacial surgery
    • Regenerative dentistry

    Background:

    • Vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) is crucial for dental implant success in vertically deficient alveolar ridges.
    • Current VRA procedures present technical challenges and are associated with potential complications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a decision-making tool for selecting appropriate VRA procedures.
    • To minimize complications and enhance treatment predictability in VRA for implant therapy.

    Main Methods:

    • A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify and validate existing VRA techniques.
    • A clinical decision tree was constructed based on the required vertical bone gain (< 4 mm, 4–6 mm, > 6 mm).

    Main Results:

    • The decision tree integrates the amount of required bone augmentation with critical anatomical, clinical, and patient-specific factors.
    • It guides clinicians toward the most suitable VRA modality and procedural sequence.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed decision tree offers a structured approach to VRA, aiming for safer and more predictable outcomes in implant dentistry.
    • It assists clinicians in managing vertically deficient ridges effectively, thereby improving implant treatment success rates.