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Related Concept Videos

Symmetry01:26

Symmetry

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The equation of an ellipse centered at the origin defines all points whose distances from the center maintain a constant ratio between the horizontal and vertical axes. This equation results in a smooth, closed curve that extends further along the x-axis than the y-axis, giving it a horizontal orientation. Such an ellipse demonstrates three kinds of symmetry: across the x-axis, across the y-axis, and about the origin. These symmetries are essential in understanding the graph's structure and...
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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

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A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
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Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations01:28

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Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
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Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

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A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process
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Cochlear implant symmetry via template.

A J Hallwachs1, J E Weinstein2, B K Reilly2

  • 1The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, D.C., 20037, USA.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|February 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new "mirror template" method improves symmetry in bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) receiver-stimulator placement. This technique enhances patient satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome of cochlear implant surgery.

Keywords:
Cochlear implantHearing lossSymmetryTemplate

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Minimally invasive subperiosteal pocket techniques are increasingly favored for bilateral cochlear implantation (CI).
  • Symmetric placement of the receiver-stimulator (R/S) device is crucial for optimizing outcomes and patient satisfaction in bilateral CI.
  • Achieving consistent R/S symmetry can be challenging with current surgical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel
  • mirror template
  • method for achieving symmetrical receiver-stimulator (R/S) placement in bilateral cochlear implantation (CI).

Main Methods:

  • The study reviewed 11 cases of bilateral CI performed by the Senior Author using a direct subperiosteal pocket technique.
  • A specific
  • mirror template
  • was employed to guide the placement of the R/S devices, aiming for precise symmetry.
  • Surgical outcomes and aesthetic results were assessed post-operatively.

Main Results:

  • The application of the
  • mirror template
  • method resulted in improved symmetry of R/S placement in all reviewed bilateral CI cases.
  • No intraoperative or significant postoperative complications were reported related to the technique.
  • The symmetrical placement achieved high levels of satisfaction among patients and their families regarding the aesthetic appearance.

Conclusions:

  • The
  • mirror template
  • technique is an easily adoptable and effective method for achieving symmetrical R/S placement in bilateral CI.
  • This approach addresses a key goal in CI surgery, enhancing patient satisfaction through improved aesthetics.
  • The findings support the integration of this technique into standard practice for subperiosteal pocket procedures in bilateral CI.