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Can breast characteristics predict upper torso musculoskeletal pain?
Celeste E Coltman1, Julie R Steele1, Deirdre E McGhee1
1Biomechanics Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|February 16, 2018
Summary
Larger breast volume, younger age, and greater nipple-to-nipple distance are linked to increased upper torso musculoskeletal pain in women. This study identifies key risk factors for this common condition.
Area of Science:
- Musculoskeletal Health
- Biomechanics
- Women's Health
Background:
- Previous research links larger breast size to increased musculoskeletal pain, especially in the upper torso.
- However, specific breast characteristics as risk factors for this pain remain under-investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate breast size and related characteristics as predictors of upper torso musculoskeletal pain.
- To identify risk factors for musculoskeletal pain in Australian women.
Main Methods:
- A backward multiple regression analysis was conducted on 378 Australian women (aged 18+).
- The analysis examined breast and upper torso characteristics, alongside known musculoskeletal pain factors.
Main Results:
- Breast volume, age, and nipple-to-nipple distance significantly predicted 23% of the variance in upper torso musculoskeletal pain.
- Higher breast volume, younger age, and greater nipple-to-nipple distance correlated with increased pain scores.
Conclusions:
- Breast volume, age, and nipple-to-nipple distance are significant predictors of upper torso musculoskeletal pain.
- These findings highlight specific physical characteristics that may increase susceptibility to pain in women.
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