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Phloem and Sugar Transport

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Like many living organisms, plants have tissues that specialize in specific plant functions. For example, shoots are well adapted to rapid growth, while roots are structured to acquire resources efficiently. However, sugar production is primarily restricted to the photosynthetic cells that reside in the leaves of angiosperm plants. Sugar and other resources are transported from photosynthetic tissues to other specialized tissues by a process called translocation.
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Social psychologists analyze how groups influence one another, shaping social structures and interactions through both cooperation and competition. These dynamics manifest in various ways, ranging from economic partnerships to intergroup conflicts that shape societal structures and perceptions.Cooperation and Competition in Intergroup RelationsIntergroup relationships vary across contexts, sometimes fostering cooperation and mutual benefit while at other times leading to conflict and...
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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Phloem Sap Sampling from Brassica napus for 3D-PAGE of Protein and Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
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Drought impacts on phloem transport.

Sanna Sevanto1

  • 1Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PO Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|February 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Drought significantly impacts plant phloem transport, a factor previously overlooked. Understanding these phloem responses is crucial for predicting plant survival and recovery after drought periods.

Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Drought stress response
  • Phloem transport mechanisms

Background:

  • Xylem water transport under drought is well-theorized, but phloem transport responses remain understudied.
  • Phloem tissue's delicate nature and small size have historically limited research into drought impacts.
  • Previous assumptions suggested minor effects of drought on phloem compared to xylem.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current theories and empirical data on drought's effects on phloem transport.
  • To evaluate the significance of phloem transport in plant drought survival and recovery.
  • To highlight the recent surge in research interest concerning phloem function during drought.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing theories on plant water relations.

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  • Synthesis of empirical evidence from studies investigating phloem under drought conditions.
  • Comparative analysis of xylem versus phloem responses to water scarcity.

    • Main Results:

    • Emerging evidence indicates significant drought impacts on phloem transport.
    • Phloem transport dynamics are increasingly recognized as critical for plant resilience.
    • Drought-induced alterations in phloem may directly influence plant survival timelines.

    Conclusions:

    • Phloem transport is a key, yet historically neglected, factor in plant drought response.
    • Further research into phloem physiology under stress is essential for understanding plant survival.
    • Phloem function under drought offers predictive power for plant resilience and revival capacity.