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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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Stress distribution in two-dimensional silos.

Rodolfo Blanco-Rodríguez1, Gabriel Pérez-Ángel1

  • 1Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Mérida. Apartado Postal 73 "Cordemex" 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, México.

Physical Review. E
|February 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Molecular dynamics simulations confirm Janssen

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Granular Materials Science

Background:

  • Janssen's model describes stress distribution in granular materials within silos.
  • The assumption that silo walls support weight via static friction is key.
  • Understanding granular flow and stress is crucial for silo design and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically verify Janssen's model using molecular dynamics simulations.
  • To investigate the influence of various parameters on stress distribution.
  • To analyze stress concentrations and wall interactions in granular columns.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations of a 2D polydispersed silo.
  • Simulations included up to 64,000 grains.
  • Varied parameters: friction coefficient, grain size distribution, silo width, and grain size.

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Main Results:

  • Janssen's model relevance decreases with increasing silo width, showing more hydrostatic stress.
  • Identified points of maximum normal and tangential stress on silo walls.
  • Observed load concentration zones at approximately two-thirds height of granular columns.
  • Smaller grain sizes (for constant mass) increase bottom weight and reduce wall stress, leading to more hydrostatic behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations validate Janssen's model under specific conditions.
  • Silo width and grain size significantly alter stress distribution, deviating from Janssen's predictions.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering granular material properties and silo geometry for accurate stress analysis.