Effect of Deposition Height on Nanostructure of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films in Flame Vapor Deposition Process

Vertically aligned nanostructured tungsten oxide thin films have been found useful in many applications due to its intrinsic photonic and electronic properties. In this study, we directly prepared vertically aligned nanostructures including nanowires and nanotubes grown directly on FTO-coated glass by a newly designed flame vapor deposition system. The deposition height was found to be an important parameter for the development of thin film morphology. The evolution of nanowires and nanotubes with time was investigated. Based on our observation, the feasible growth mechanisms of distinct nanostructures were proposed.