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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Enumeration of Neural Stem Cells Using Clonal Assays
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Brain injury and neural stem cells.

Parker E Ludwig1, Finosh G Thankam1, Arun A Patil2

  • 1Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA.

Neural Regeneration Research
|February 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell therapy shows promise for brain injury by regenerating tissue and improving function. While not yet fully clinically proven, these cells offer potential therapeutic benefits for conditions like trauma and degeneration.

Keywords:
brain injurybrain traumainfarctionischemianeural stem cellsneuronal regenerationstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Brain injuries, including trauma, ischemia, and degenerative conditions, present significant therapeutic challenges.
  • Stem cells have garnered substantial interest due to their regenerative and self-renewing properties.
  • Despite initial high expectations, clinical efficacy of stem cells for brain injury remains under investigation, though promising effects have been observed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of stem cells in treating brain injuries.
  • To explore the characteristics and therapeutic capabilities of various stem cell types.
  • To assess the current status and future prospects of stem cell applications in neuroregeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stem cell research for brain injury.
  • Analysis of stem cell characteristics, including multipotentiality and self-renewal.
  • Evaluation of observed effects of stem cells in preclinical and clinical studies.

Main Results:

  • Stem cells possess the inherent ability to regenerate damaged tissue in the brain.
  • Different stem cell types vary primarily in their origin and differentiation potential.
  • Observed effects include reduction in lesion size and functional improvement following brain injury.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cells demonstrate potential for mitigating brain injury effects.
  • Further research and clinical trials are necessary to fully establish therapeutic benefits.
  • Stem cell-based therapies may offer a future avenue for treating neurological damage.