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Related Experiment Video

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Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm: Sex differences.

Christina Villard1, Rebecka Hultgren2

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Maturitas
|February 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sex influences abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) risk and outcomes, particularly in women. Research on sex hormones and AAA formation is ongoing but limited by scarce data and complex human physiology.

Keywords:
Abdominal aortic aneurysmEstrogenSexTestosteroneWomen

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Sex Differences in Medicine
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disproportionately affects older men.
  • Women with AAA face higher rupture risk and poorer surgical outcomes.
  • Sex hormone influence is hypothesized but not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on sex differences in AAA.
  • To examine changes in the aneurysm wall from a gender perspective.
  • To explore the role of sex hormones in AAA development.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched PubMed and Web of Science databases.
  • Focused search terms included AAA, gender, sex, women, elastin, collagen, and vascular smooth muscle cells.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests sex impacts AAA formation.
  • Studies on women are limited and often focus on other endpoints.
  • The precise role of sex hormones remains inconclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Sex is a factor in AAA development, but hormonal dependence is unclear.
  • Scarcity of research on women hinders understanding.
  • Animal models struggle to replicate human hormonal complexities in AAA.