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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
Published on: January 20, 2023
Operando characterization of cathodic reactions in a liquid-state lithium-oxygen micro-battery by scanning
Pan Liu1,2,3, Jiuhui Han2, Xianwei Guo2,3
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Rechargeable non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries with a large theoretical capacity are emerging as a high-energy electrochemical device for sustainable energy strategy. Despite many efforts made to understand the fundamental Li-O2 electrochemistry, the kinetic process of cathodic reactions, associated with the formation and decomposition of a solid Li2O2 phase during charging and discharging, remains debate. Here we report direct visualization of the charge/discharge reactions on a gold cathode in a non-aqueous lithium-oxygen micro-battery using liquid-cell aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combining with synchronized electrochemical measurements. The real-time and real-space characterization by time-resolved STEM reveals the electrochemical correspondence of discharge/charge overpotentials to the nucleation, growth and decomposition of Li2O2 at a constant current density. The nano-scale operando observations would enrich our knowledge on the underlying reaction mechanisms of lithium-oxygen batteries during round-trip discharging and charging and shed lights on the strategies in improving the performances of lithium-oxygen batteries by tailoring the cathodic reactions.
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