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Working Memory And Brain Tissue Microstructure: White Matter Tract Integrity Based On Multi-Shell Diffusion MRI.

Sohae Chung1,2, Els Fieremans1,2, Nuri E Kucukboyaci3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.

Scientific Reports
|February 18, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study links white matter microstructure, specifically axonal water fraction (AWF), to working memory performance in healthy adults. Higher AWF correlates with better performance on demanding auditory working memory tasks, indicating efficient information processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Working memory is crucial for cognitive functions like learning and attention.
  • Impaired working memory is linked to various neurological and psychiatric conditions.
  • The relationship between white matter microstructure and working memory remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between white matter (WM) microstructure and working memory performance in healthy adults.
  • To utilize advanced diffusion MRI metrics for a biophysical interpretation of WM characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Employed multi-shell diffusion MRI and diffusion tensor/kurtosis imaging (DTI/DKI) to derive compartment-specific WM tract integrity (WMTI) metrics.
  • Combined WMTI metrics, including axonal water fraction (AWF), with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) subtests assessing auditory working memory.
  • Focused on right-handed, native English-speaking healthy adults.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated significant positive correlations between axonal water fraction (AWF) and performance on the letter-number sequencing (LNS) task.
  • Indicated that higher AWF is associated with better performance on complex auditory working memory tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Suggests that greater axonal volume and myelination, reflected by higher AWF, contribute to efficient and faster information processing in working memory.
  • Highlights the importance of WM microstructure in supporting cognitive functions like working memory.