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Structural disconnection is responsible for increased functional connectivity in multiple sclerosis.

Kevin R Patel1, Sean Tobyne2, Daria Porter2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. kpatel40@mgh.harvard.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural disconnection in multiple sclerosis contributes to increased brain network functional connectivity. This study reveals that specific patterns of disconnection, particularly network isolation, elevate resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC).

Keywords:
Brain networksDiffusion MRIDisconnectionMultiple sclerosisResting-state functional connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Increased synchrony in brain networks is observed in human brain diseases, often attributed to compensatory mechanisms.
  • Evidence for compensatory processes is limited, prompting investigation into alternative explanations for altered network synchrony.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that topographical changes in structural connectivity (SC), specifically disconnection patterns, contribute to increased resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC).
  • To investigate the role of network isolation in elevated rsFC in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Main Methods:

  • Acquired resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) using fMRI and structural connectivity (SC) using probabilistic tractography in healthy and multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects.
  • Employed a computational model of neuronal dynamics to simulate BOLD signals based on SC.
  • Introduced MS-specific structural disconnection patterns into the model to observe effects on simulated rsFC.

Main Results:

  • Simulations incorporating structural disconnection patterns from MS subjects with high rsFC also exhibited high rsFC.
  • MS subjects with high network rsFC showed preferential disconnection between the affected network and the broader brain system.
  • Model simulations demonstrated that increased rsFC correlates with the removal of connections bridging a network community to the rest of the brain.

Conclusions:

  • Structural disconnection, a known feature of MS, contributes to altered network rsFC in MS patients.
  • Community isolation, characterized by preferential disconnection, is a key mechanism driving elevated network functional connectivity in MS.