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A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Clinical Examination Protocol to Detect Atypical and Classical Scrapie in Sheep
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Exercise counteracts the homeostatic decrease in thermogenesis caused by caloric restriction in sheep.

John-Paul Fuller-Jackson1, Iain J Clarke1, Alexandra Rao1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|February 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exercise can counteract the thermogenic reduction caused by caloric restriction in sheep. This study shows exercise restores adipose tissue thermogenesis, despite diet-induced decreases.

Keywords:
brown adipose tissuediethypothalamic appetite-regulating peptidesphysical activity

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Using a Combination of Indirect Calorimetry, Infrared Thermography, and Blood Glucose Levels to Measure Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis in Humans
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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Caloric restriction (CR) typically reduces thermogenesis, impacting metabolic rate.
  • The potential of exercise to mitigate CR-induced thermogenic suppression is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if exercise can counteract the homeostatic reduction in thermogenesis caused by caloric restriction.
  • To examine the effects of diet and exercise on thermogenesis in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.

Main Methods:

  • Four groups of ewes underwent a 4-week intervention: control, exercise, diet-restricted (70% intake), or combined diet and exercise.
  • Thermogenesis was measured using implanted temperature probes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
  • Hypothalami, fat, and muscle biopsies were analyzed using in situ hybridization, real-time PCR, and Western blotting.

Main Results:

  • Combined diet and exercise reduced adiposity.
  • Caloric restriction alone decreased adipose tissue temperature, an effect counteracted by exercise.
  • Exercise did not induce adipose tissue browning markers or affect skeletal muscle thermogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise effectively counteracts the inhibitory effect of caloric restriction on adipose tissue thermogenesis in sheep.
  • Appetite-regulating peptides in the hypothalamus were linked to reduced adiposity but not altered thermogenesis.