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Related Concept Videos

Control Systems: Applications01:25

Control Systems: Applications

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Electrical engineering plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, with control systems at the heart of many applications, from home appliances to sophisticated space shuttles. Control systems manage and regulate the behavior of devices and processes, ensuring they function safely, correctly, and efficiently.
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Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
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Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

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Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
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Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

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Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
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Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models
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Local Antibiotic Delivery Systems: Current and Future Applications for Diabetic Foot Infections.

Konstantinos Markakis1, Alan Robert Faris2, Hamed Sharaf1

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|February 21, 2018
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Summary

Topical antibiotics offer advantages for diabetic foot infections by delivering high local concentrations with fewer side effects. Further research is needed to establish their role in routine clinical practice.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Diabetic foot infections
  • Antimicrobial therapy
  • Drug delivery systems

Background:

  • Diabetic foot infections are a major cause of lower extremity amputations.
  • Systemic antibiotics are often ineffective due to poor perfusion and biofilms.
  • Local antibiotic delivery is an emerging treatment strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging topical antibiotic delivery systems for diabetic foot infections.
  • To discuss the advantages and limitations of current and novel approaches.
  • To highlight the need for further clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on diabetic foot infection treatment.
  • Analysis of biodegradable and natural polymer-based drug delivery systems.
  • Evaluation of novel agents like pexiganan cream.

Main Results:

  • Biodegradable systems like calcium sulfate beads show promise, especially for osteomyelitis.
  • Natural polymers and antimicrobial peptides are under investigation.
  • Limited data currently exists for topical agents in routine practice.

Conclusions:

  • Local antibiotic application presents potential benefits for diabetic foot infections.
  • Further randomized trials are essential to confirm efficacy and define indications.
  • Topical agents are not yet standard care but represent a promising development.