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Effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes
Kei Sawada1, Shigehiro Karashima1, Mitsuhiro Kometani1
1Division of Endocrine and Diabetes, Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan.
Abstract:
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is often associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes and may contribute to cardiovascular events. A novel class of antidiabetic drugs, the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce body weight (BW), although there is limited data on their impact on OSAS. We therefore evaluated the effect of SGLT2i on OSAS in patients with type 2 diabetes. The presented study was a retrospective design in 18 patients with type 2 diabetes with OSAS (4 males, age range 39-81 yr) administrated a SGLT2i. HbA1c, BW, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) were evaluated before and after SGLT2i administration. The relationships between the reduction in AHI and the other variables were examined using Pearson correlation analysis. We have got result that SGLT2i reduced AHI from 31.9 ± 18.0 to 18.8 ± 11.5 events per hr (p = 0.003). HbA1c, BW and BMI decreased significantly, whereas BP did not. The Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between the reduction in AHI and pre-administration of AHI. In conclusion, SGLT2i reduced not only HbA1c, BW and BMI but also AHI significantly and therefore has potential as an effective treatment of OSAS.
Insights
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) significantly reduced obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity in patients with type 2 diabetes. This class of antidiabetic drugs also improved metabolic markers like HbA1c, body weight, and BMI.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiology
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is linked to metabolic disorders like obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
- Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are antidiabetic drugs known to reduce body weight, but their effect on OSAS is not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on OSAS severity in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- To evaluate changes in metabolic parameters and their correlation with OSAS improvement.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study involving 18 patients with type 2 diabetes and OSAS treated with SGLT2i.
- Assessment of HbA1c, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) before and after SGLT2i administration.
- Pearson correlation analysis to examine relationships between AHI reduction and other variables.
Main Results:
- SGLT2i significantly reduced AHI from 31.9 ± 18.0 to 18.8 ± 11.5 events/hr (p = 0.003).
- Significant reductions were observed in HbA1c, BW, and BMI.
- No significant change in blood pressure was noted. A strong correlation was found between AHI reduction and baseline AHI.
Conclusions:
- SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrate a significant therapeutic effect on OSAS, reducing AHI in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- These drugs offer a dual benefit by improving glycemic control, reducing body weight, and mitigating OSAS severity.
- SGLT2i represent a promising treatment option for managing OSAS in the context of type 2 diabetes and metabolic comorbidities.
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