[Localization and size of colon adenomas as factors related to high gradedysplasia]

To determine whether localization and size are related to the presence of high-grade dysplasia of colon adenomas in patients of a Peruvian hospital.

This is a descriptive transversal study. We checked colonoscopyreports of 2014-2015 years of Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrion, we included the polyps found in patients older than 18 years old, and excluded reports from patients with colorectal cancer, an antecedent of oncological surgery, inflammatory bowel disease and polyposis (6 or more). We used data based on localization (proximal and distal colon, based on the splenic angle), size (less than 10 mm and 10 mm or more), shape (pediculate and sessile) and grade of dysplasia (low and high-grade). We calculated the strength of association by OR, and we determined whether there was association by Chi-square test with a significance value less than 0.05.

We reviewed a total of 1710 of colonoscopy reports, 378 patients had polyps, so the adenoma detection rate was 22.1%. There were 458 polyps, from which 254 were adenomas. From these adenomas, we found an association between distal colon localization and high-grade dysplasia (OR 2.68 IC 1.12-6.42, p < 0.05); likewise, there was an association between the size of the adenomas and high-grade dysplasia (OR 7.75 IC 3.05-19.69, p<0.05). We did not find any association between the shape and grade of dysplasia.

This study concludes that there is an association between the size of 10 mm or more and localization in the distal colon with high-grade dysplasia of adenomas.