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Current Status of Gene Engineering Cell Therapeutics
Aurore Saudemont1, Laurent Jespers1, Timothy Clay2
1GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in Immunology
|February 21, 2018
Summary
Cell and gene therapy offers personalized medicine for incurable diseases. Engineered cells show promise in treating cancers and regulating inflammation, with ongoing research into various cell types.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Cell and gene therapies utilize ex vivo manipulated autologous cells for treating diseases.
- Personalized medicine approaches, including cell and gene therapy, have shown significant promise, leading to commercialized products for rare conditions.
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR) gene transfers into T cells have yielded positive outcomes, especially in hematological malignancies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the latest advancements in gene-engineered cell therapeutics.
- To explore the application of engineered cells in inducing immune responses against cancer and viruses.
- To discuss the potential of gene-engineered cell therapeutics in modulating inflammation via regulatory T cells.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on gene-engineered cell therapeutics.
- Analysis of approaches for engineering T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, gamma delta T cells, and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells.
- Examination of strategies for utilizing regulatory T cells (Tregs) to modulate inflammation.
Main Results:
- Gene-engineered cell therapies, particularly CAR-T and TCR-T therapies, demonstrate efficacy against certain cancers, notably hematological malignancies.
- Ongoing research explores various engineered cell types (T cells, NK cells, gamma delta T cells, CIK cells) for enhanced anti-cancer and anti-viral immune responses.
- Gene-engineered cell therapeutics are being investigated for their role in inducing immune tolerance and regulating inflammatory conditions.
Conclusions:
- Gene-engineered cell therapies represent a rapidly advancing frontier in personalized medicine with significant therapeutic potential.
- The engineering of various immune cell types offers diverse strategies for combating cancer, viral infections, and inflammatory diseases.
- Further research and development in gene-engineered cell therapeutics are crucial for expanding treatment options for currently incurable conditions.
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