Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

The Sleep Nullifying Apparatus: A Highly Efficient Method of Sleep Depriving Drosophila
06:06

The Sleep Nullifying Apparatus: A Highly Efficient Method of Sleep Depriving Drosophila

Published on: December 14, 2020

4.2K

[Maturation of integrative sleep apparatus in children in normal and pathological condition]

G V Anisimov1, T P Kalashnikova1, Yu I Kravtsov1

  • 1Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|February 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) show similar sleep changes, including delayed REM sleep. ADHD specifically alters sleep cycle count and duration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are common childhood conditions.
  • Both conditions can significantly impact neurodevelopment and behavior.
  • Understanding their distinct and overlapping effects on sleep is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare sleep macrostructure and sleep cycle organization in children with ADHD and OSAS.
  • To identify unique and shared polysomnographic findings in these pediatric populations.
  • To investigate sleep changes in children aged 6-9 years with ADHD and OSAS.

Main Methods:

  • Polysomnography was conducted on 40 children with ADHD, 20 children with OSAS, and 20 healthy controls.
  • Sleep macrostructure parameters were analyzed.
  • Sleep cycle organization and ultradian rhythm maturity were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Both ADHD and OSAS groups exhibited increased REM sleep latency and reduced REM sleep duration.
  • Children with ADHD showed a decreased total number of sleep cycles and an increased duration of the first cycle.
  • A novel formula for calculating sleep maturity index in children over 6 was proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep architectonics present unidirectional changes in both ADHD and OSAS.
  • Findings suggest dysontogenesis, reflecting developmental disruptions, in both conditions.
  • Sleep cycle alterations in ADHD require further investigation for therapeutic implications.
Abstract

Keywords:
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderobstructive sleep apnea syndromesleep disorders in children

More Related Videos

Classical Short-Delay Eyeblink Conditioning in One-Year-Old Children07:36

Classical Short-Delay Eyeblink Conditioning in One-Year-Old Children

Published on: September 1, 2018

40.4K
Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System05:33

Introduction of an Integrated Pathology Image Management, Artificial Intelligence, and Reporting System

Published on: July 11, 2025

1.2K

Related Concept Videos

Golgi Apparatus01:49

Golgi Apparatus

As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.
104.5K
Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
22.2K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
962
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.5K
Maturation of Endosomes01:28

Maturation of Endosomes

The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...
5.9K
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.6K