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Eva Toft1, Mikael Rydén2

  • 1Karolinska Institutet - Medicine (H7) Stockholm, Sweden Karolinska Institutet - Medicine (H7) Stockholm, Sweden.

Lakartidningen
|February 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Novel therapies for type 2 diabetes, including GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors, show cardiovascular and renal benefits in high-risk patients. These new drugs are generally safe, but results may not apply to all individuals with type 2 diabetes.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Recent introduction of novel antidiabetic drug classes.
  • Regulatory requirement for cardiovascular risk assessment in type 2 diabetes.
  • Increased number of published outcome studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent trials on novel antidiabetic therapies.
  • To assess cardiovascular and renal protective effects.
  • To discuss the interpretation of study results.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical trials and outcome studies.
  • Analysis of safety and efficacy data for new drug classes.
  • Focus on patients with high cardiovascular risk.

Main Results:

  • Long-acting insulin analogues, DPP4-inhibitors, GLP1-receptor agonists, and SGLT2-inhibitors are safe.
  • Certain GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors demonstrate superiority over placebo for cardiovascular and renal outcomes.
  • Study populations primarily consisted of individuals with existing or high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • Novel therapies, particularly GLP1-receptor agonists and SGLT2-inhibitors, offer significant cardiovascular and renal benefits in high-risk type 2 diabetes patients.
  • Safety of these drug classes is established.
  • Findings are not generalizable to all type 2 diabetes patients due to specific study population criteria.

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