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Related Concept Videos

Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Coagulation01:09

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The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
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Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

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Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
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Facing coagulation disorders after acute trauma.

F Mullier, S Lessire, J-C De Schoutheete

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    Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a complex condition requiring rapid intervention. Early administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) significantly reduces mortality and transfusion needs in trauma patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Emergency Medicine
    • Trauma Surgery
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Trauma is a leading cause of death in young adults, primarily due to bleeding complications.
    • Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) involves complex pathophysiology beyond the "lethal triad".

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the management of coagulation disorders following acute trauma.
    • To highlight the importance of early detection and intervention in trauma-induced coagulopathy.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases.
    • Inclusion of English-language publications only.

    Main Results:

    • TIC develops rapidly and includes factors like haemodilution, acidosis, hypothermia, protein C activation, and platelet dysfunction.
    • Tranexamic acid (TXA), administered within three hours of injury, reduces trauma patient mortality and transfusion requirements.
    • Fluid management strategies include prioritizing crystalloids over colloids and a specific ratio for fresh frozen plasma to packed red blood cells (1:2); damage control surgery (DCS) is indicated for severe cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) requires prompt anticipation and detection.
    • Tranexamic acid (TXA) is crucial in managing bleeding trauma patients.
    • Development of institutional algorithms for managing bleeding patients is recommended.