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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids
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Osimertinib and other third-generation EGFR TKI in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients

J Remon1,2, C E Steuer3, S S Ramalingam3

  • 1Medical Oncologist Department, Thoracic Tumor Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona.

Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
|February 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR TKI, is approved for EGFR-mutant NSCLC with T790M resistance. Ongoing trials explore its upfront efficacy, liquid biopsy validation, and combinations, marking significant progress in EGFR-mutant lung cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Osimertinib is the first third-generation EGFR TKI approved for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with the T790M resistance mutation.
  • This approval followed clinical trials demonstrating significant efficacy in this specific patient subgroup.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape and ongoing developments concerning osimertinib and other third-generation EGFR TKIs.
  • To highlight emerging challenges and research areas in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and scientific literature on osimertinib and third-generation EGFR TKIs.
  • Analysis of ongoing research into upfront efficacy, T790M mutation detection, and combination therapies.

Main Results:

  • Osimertinib has shown efficacy in patients with acquired EGFR T790M resistance mutations.
  • Further clinical trials are investigating other third-generation EGFR TKIs.
  • The role of T790M in liquid biopsies as a predictive marker is being validated.

Conclusions:

  • The development of targeted therapies for EGFR-mutant NSCLC is rapidly advancing.
  • Osimertinib represents a key therapeutic option for a specific subset of NSCLC patients.
  • Future research directions include optimizing upfront treatment, utilizing liquid biopsies, and exploring combination strategies, including with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

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