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The TGFβ superfamily in cardiac dysfunction
Jian Wu1, Olan Jackson-Weaver1, Jian Xu1
1Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica
|February 21, 2018
Summary
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily members, including TGFβs, BMPs, and GDFs, regulate diverse cardiac cells. This review details their roles in heart development, repair, and dysfunction, impacting key cardiac functions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- The transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily comprises 33 ligands, including TGFβs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and growth and differentiation factors (GDFs).
- These ligands play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes within the heart.
- Cardiac cells affected include cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent discoveries on the roles of TGFβs, BMPs, and GDFs in cardiac cellular components.
- To highlight their functional impacts on heart development, injury repair, and dysfunction.
- To provide insights into TGFβ superfamily signaling in cardiac health and disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent scientific discoveries.
- Focus on studies investigating TGFβs, BMPs, and GDFs in cardiac cells.
- Analysis of functional impacts in cardiac development, injury, and disease models.
Main Results:
- TGFβ superfamily ligands influence multiple cardiac cell types.
- These ligands are implicated in cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and altered contractility.
- Roles in cardiac metabolism, angiogenesis, and regeneration are also significant.
Conclusions:
- TGFβ superfamily members are critical regulators of cardiac cellular functions.
- Understanding these roles is essential for addressing heart development, injury, and dysfunction.
- Further research into TGFβ signaling pathways can inform therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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