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A Comparison of Spastic Diplegia in Term and Preterm-Born Children

Prashant Jauhari1, Pratibha Singhi1, Naveen Sankhyan1

  • 11 Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.

Journal of Child Neurology
|February 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Term-born spastic diplegia cerebral palsy differs from preterm-born forms, showing higher rates of intellectual disability and epilepsy. Neuroimaging reveals distinct patterns, with more cortical involvement in term-born cases.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) is a common childhood motor disability.
  • Understanding differences between term-born and preterm-born CP is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare risk factors, clinical presentations, and radiologic findings in term-born versus preterm-born children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 93 children (2-14 years) with spastic diplegic CP.
  • Data collection included antecedent risk factors, clinical assessments (spasticity, intellectual, social), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Main Results:

  • Term-born CP showed significantly higher rates of moderate-to-severe intellectual disability (53% vs 21%) and epilepsy (51% vs 33%).
  • Periventricular white matter injury was less common in term-born CP (64% vs 89.4%).
  • Term spastic diplegia was associated with greater cortical/subcortical involvement on MRI (26% vs 6.4%).

Conclusions:

  • Term-born spastic diplegic cerebral palsy is clinicopathologically distinct from its preterm-born counterpart.
  • Neuroimaging patterns differ, with a higher prevalence of cortical/subcortical abnormalities in term-born cases.

Keywords:
cerebral palsyperiventricular leukomalaciaperiventricular white matter injurypretermspastic diplegiaterm gestation

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