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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
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[Root canals dentinal wall structure after photodynamic exposure].

I M Rabinovich1, I I Babichenko1, A V Vasil'ev1

  • 1Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia.

Stomatologiia
|February 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Photodynamic therapy using 0.5% photoditazine effectively removes the smear layer from root canal walls. This method opens dentinal tubules, offering a promising alternative to conventional root canal irrigation techniques.

Keywords:
endodontic treatmentphotodynamic treatmentscanning electronic microscopysmear layer

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Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Microscopy

Background:

  • The smear layer in root canals can impede disinfection and healing.
  • Effective smear layer removal is crucial for successful endodontic treatment.
  • Conventional irrigation methods have limitations in completely removing the smear layer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of 0.5% photoditazine photodynamic therapy in removing the smear layer from root canal dentinal walls.
  • To assess the impact of this therapy on dentinal tubule patency.
  • To compare the results with conventional irrigation techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine root canal dentin structure.
  • 46 single-root teeth were treated with 0.5% photoditazine and photoactivated with laser or diode light (635-660 nm, 150-200 mW).
  • Microphotographs were taken at x2000 magnification in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canal.

Main Results:

  • Photodynamic activation of 0.5% photoditazine effectively removed the smear layer.
  • Maximum opening of dentinal tubules to a depth of 2-3 μm was observed.
  • Optimal results, characterized by a smear-layer-free surface and numerous open tubules, were achieved with 3 minutes of photoditazine exposure and 2 minutes of laser activation.

Conclusions:

  • Photodynamic therapy with 0.5% photoditazine is an effective method for smear layer removal in root canals.
  • This technique significantly enhances dentinal tubule opening, potentially improving endodontic treatment outcomes.
  • It presents a viable alternative or supplement to conventional root canal irrigation protocols.