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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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Pneumonia as a systemic illness.

Charles Feldman1, Ronald Anderson2

  • 1Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
|February 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Health is a condition of the body, mind, and spirit where an individual remains free from illness. Similarly, wellness is an active state, including living a lifestyle that promotes physical, mental, and emotional health. Physical health is critical for the overall well-being and can be affected by lifestyle, activity level, diet, and behavior. The highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental and universal human right. Consider Lisa, a fifteen-year-old born with congenital...
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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) can be a severe systemic illness, not just a localized infection. Early recognition and treatment of sepsis, respiratory failure, and organ dysfunction are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) presents a spectrum of severity, from mild to life-threatening systemic disease.
  • Over 30% of CAP cases rapidly progress to severe sepsis, impacting multiple organ systems.
  • Factors like immunosuppression and inflammation can drive CAP from local to systemic infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review recent literature on the occurrence, risk factors, recognition, and treatment of severe complications in CAP.
  • Focus on sepsis, respiratory failure, and multiple organ dysfunction.
  • Highlight CAP as a systemic illness.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies on community-acquired pneumonia.
  • Analysis of research on risk factors, clinical presentation, and diagnostic biomarkers.

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A Robust Pneumonia Model in Immunocompetent Rodents to Evaluate Antibacterial Efficacy against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii
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  • Evaluation of treatment strategies for severe CAP, including antibiotics and adjunctive therapies.

    • Main Results:

    • CAP is frequently a systemic illness with significant potential for severe complications.
    • Cardiac complications, especially with pneumococcal infections, are a focus of recent research.
    • Biomarkers for differentiating invasive vs. non-invasive CAP have been extensively studied.

    Conclusions:

    • Community-acquired pneumonia often manifests as a systemic disease requiring prompt management.
    • Understanding risk factors and early recognition of complications are key to reducing CAP mortality.
    • Ongoing research explores novel biomarkers and treatment modalities for severe CAP.